The Protective Effect of Rutin against Ischemia/reperfusion-associated Hemodynamic Alteration through Antioxidant Activity

Reactive oxygen species exert toxic effects during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of various organs. This study was designed to evaluate the preventive effects of various isoflavonoids such as biochanin A, daidzein, genistein, rutin and quercetin. These compounds are well-known naturally occurring compounds with beneficial health effects and antioxidant activity. Free radical scavenging activity was measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay. Among the isoflavonoids tested, biochanine A, quercetin and rutin showed significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Similarly, treatment of biochanine A, genistein and rutin significantly increased SOD activity in neonant rat heart myocyte primary cells as well as in H9C2 cells. For ex vivo study, hearts from Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused in Langendorff apparatus with Krebs-Henseleit solution with a gas mixture of 95% O-2 and 5% CO2. Hearts were subjected to 20 min of pre-ischemia followed by 20 min of global ischemia, and then 50 min of reperfusion at 37 degrees C. The test compounds were perfused 10 min before ischemia and during the entire reperfusion period. Among the isoflavonoids tested, only rutin significantly increased left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and increased maximum positive and negative dP/dt (+/- dP/dtmax). In left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) analysis, rutin, daidzein and biochanin A were effective. Among the isoflavonoids, rutin had consistent protective effects in I/R injury by affecting cardiac dynamic factors as well as by enhancing SOD and DPPH activity.