Chronic hepatitis C virus management: 2000-2005 update

OBJECTIVE: To review recent advances that have significantly changed the management of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search (2000-July 2005) was conducted using key words such as hepatitis C, interferon, pegylated interferon, and therapy. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All articles pertaining to treatment of chronic HCV infection were identified, Studies evaluating HCV treatment in treatment-naive patients were considered for this review. DATA SYNTHESIS: Over the past several years, response to treatment for chronic HCV infection has significantly improved with the use of pegylated interferon and ribavirin therapy. Treatment response is influenced by HCV genotype and viral load, as well as patient-related factors, including adherence. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of chronic HCV infection has improved, with overall response rates of approximately 55%. Identification and management of common adverse effects is important in maximizing adherence and response to therapy. Studies are needed to further delineate the optimum treatment of chronic HCV infection in specific patient populations.