Examining the bi-directional long run relationship between renewable energy consumption and GDP growth

被引：214

作者：

Al-mulali, Usama ^{[1
]}

Fereidouni, Hassan Gholipour ^{[1
]}

Lee, Janice Ym ^{[1
]}

Sab, Che Normee Binti Che ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Teknol Malaysia, Ctr Real Estate Studies, Dept Real Estate, Fac Geoinformat & Real Estate, Johor Bahru Johor 81310, Malaysia

[2] Univ Sains Malaysia, Econ Sect, Usm 11800, Malaysia

来源：

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS | 2013年 / 22卷

关键词：

Renewable energy consumption; GDP growth; FMOLS; ECONOMIC-GROWTH; ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION; CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP; COAL CONSUMPTION; NEXUS EVIDENCE; PANEL-DATA; AMERICA EVIDENCE; COUNTRIES; COINTEGRATION; CHINA;

D O I：

10.1016/j.rser.2013.02.005

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

The bi-directional long run relationship between renewable energy consumption and GDP growth has been investigated in high income, upper middle income, lower middle income, and high income countries. To achieve this goal, the fully modified OLS was utilized. The results revealed that 79% of the countries have a positive bi-directional long run relationship between renewable energy consumption and GDP growth. This represents the feedback hypothesis. On the other hand, 19% of the countries showed no long run relationship between the variables. This represents the neutrality hypothesis. Besides, 2% of the countries showed a one way long run relationship from GDP growth to renewable energy consumption, confirming the conservation hypothesis, and from renewable energy consumption and GDP growth representing the growth hypothesis. Despite the mixed results across countries, it has been proved that the more persistent and significant the bi-directional long run relationship between the variables is, the higher the income countries are. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：209 / 222

页数：14

共 82 条

[1] Electricity consumption and economic growth, the case of Lebanon [J].