Pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength in chronic heart failure: comparison between ischaemic and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy

Objective-To compare pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength in patients with ischaemic and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, well matched for indices of heart failure. Methods-The study involved 30 patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy and 30 with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. The groups were well matched for age, weight, and clinical severity of cardiac dysfunction as assessed by ejection fraction and the New York Heart Association functional class. There were more smokers in the ischaemic group (p < 0.05), but indices of pulmonary function were comparable. Results-Mean (SD) maximum static inspiratory pressure was lower in dilated cardiomyopathy than in ischaemic cardiomyopathy (73 (20) v 84 (22) cm H2O, p < 0.05), as was the maximum static expiratory pressure (90 (20) v 104 (21) cm H2O, p < 0.05). Conclusions-For a given degree of cardiac dysfunction, the respiratory muscles are weaker in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy than in those with ischaemic cardiomyopathy.