Key performance indicators for the evaluation of RFID-enabled B-to-B e-commerce applications: the case of a five-layer supply chain

This paper attempts to track key performance indicators in order to assess the impacts of RFID technology in a five layer supply chain in the utility sector. Findings point to some performance improvements especially when RFID enables more integrated and more collaborative B-to-B e-commerce solutions. The research design involves multiple units and levels of analysis, and relies on diverse data collection methods and generates a vast amount of data. The concept of a living laboratory proved to be an insightful approach for exploring issues related to inter-company connectedness and relationship management.