Effects of marine reserve characteristics on the protection of fish populations:: a meta-analysis

被引:220
作者
Côté, IM
Mosqueira, I
Reynolds, JD
机构
[1] Univ E Anglia, Sch Biol Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England
[2] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, TH Huxley Sch Environm Earth Sci & Engn, Renewable Resources Assessment Grp, London SW7 2BP, England
关键词
fisheries; marine conservation; marine protected area; reefs; tropics;
D O I
10.1006/jfbi.2001.1752
中图分类号
S9 [水产、渔业];
学科分类号
0908 ;
摘要
Meta-analyses of published data for 19 marine reserves reveal that marine protected areas enhance species richness consistently, but their effect on fish abundance is more variable. Overall, there was a slight (11%) but significant increase in fish species number inside marine reserves, with all reserves sharing a common effect. There was a substantial but non-significant increase in overall fish abundance inside marine reserves compared to adjacent, non-reserve areas. When only species that are the target of fisheries were considered, fish abundance was significantly higher (by 28%) within reserve boundaries. Marine reserves vary significantly in the extent and direction of their response. This variability in relative abundance was not attributable to differences in survey methodology among studies, nor correlated with reserve characteristics such as reserve area, years since protection, latitude nor species diversity. The effectiveness of marine reserves in enhancing fish abundance may be largely related to the intensity of exploitation outside reserve boundaries and to the composition of the fish community within boundaries. It is recommended that studies of marine reserve effectiveness, should routinely report fishing intensity, effectiveness of enforcement and habitat characteristics. (C) 2001 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles.
引用
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页码:178 / 189
页数:12
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