Listeriosis: a primer

Although food-borne outbreaks of listeriosis are uncommon, they remain a major public health problem. In the United States, about 20%-65% of deaths from all food-borne infections are due to Listeria.5 Therefore, detecting an outbreak early and identifying its source is a priority. Prompt reporting of all cases of Listeria infection to public health authorities is important to assist them in early detection of an outbreak. During an outbreak of listeriosis, vigilance in the preparation of food is especially important for immunocompromised patients and pregnant women. Initial manifestations of infection are nonspecific and include flu-like symptoms. Such symptoms should be thoroughly investigated if they develop in patients at high risk of listeriosis (Box 1). In contrast, in patients with normal immune function, symptoms are usually milder and the infection self-limited; such patients do not need tests or treatment. Proper preparation, storage and handling of food by industry and in the home can minimize the risk of a widespread outbreak. © 2008 Canadian Medical Association or its licensors.