Menarche, menopause, and breast cancer risk: individual participant meta-analysis, including 118 964 women with breast cancer from 117 epidemiological studies

被引：680

作者：

Beral, V. ^{[1
,29
]}

Bull, D. ^{[1
,29
]}

Pirie, K. ^{[1
,29
]}

Reeves, G. ^{[1
,29
]}

Peto, R. ^{[2
,3
,30
,31
]}

Skegg, D. ^{[4
,53
]}

LaVecchia, C. ^{[5
,6
]}

Magnusson, C. ^{[7
,51
]}

Pike, M. C. ^{[8
,85
]}

Thomas, D. ^{[9
,55
]}

Hamajima, N. ^{[10
]}

Hirose, K. ^{[10
]}

Tajima, K. ^{[10
]}

Rohan, T. ^{[11
]}

Friedenreich, C. M. ^{[12
]}

Calle, E. E. ^{[13
]}

Gapstur, S. M. ^{[13
]}

Patel, A. V. ^{[13
]}

Coates, R. J. ^{[14
]}

Liff, J. M. ^{[14
]}

Talamini, R. ^{[15
]}

Chantarakul, N. ^{[16
]}

Koetsawang, S. ^{[16
]}

Rachawat, D. ^{[16
]}

Marcou, Y. ^{[17
]}

Kakouri, E. ^{[17
]}

Duffy, S. W. ^{[18
]}

Morabia, A. ^{[19
]}

Schuman, L. ^{[19
]}

Stewart, W. ^{[19
]}

Szklo, M. ^{[19
]}

Coogan, P. F. ^{[20
]}

Palmer, J. R. ^{[20
]}

Rosenberg, L. ^{[20
]}

Band, P. ^{[21
]}

Coldman, A. J. ^{[21
]}

Gallagher, R. P. ^{[21
]}

Hislop, T. G. ^{[21
]}

Yang, P. ^{[21
]}

Cummings, S. R. ^{[22
]}

Canfell, K. ^{[23
]}

Sitas, F. ^{[23
]}

Chao, P. ^{[24
]}

Lissowska, J. ^{[24
]}

Horn-Ross, P. L. ^{[25
]}

John, E. M. ^{[25
]}

Kolonel, L. M. ^{[26
]}

Nomura, A. M. Y. ^{[26
]}

Ghiasvand, R. ^{[27
]}

Hu, J. ^{[28
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Oxford, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Richard Doll Bldg, Oxford OX3 7LF, England

[2] Univ Oxford, CRUK MRC BHF Clin Trial Serv Unit, Oxford OX3 7LF, England

[3] Univ Oxford, Epidemiol Studies Unit, Oxford OX3 7LF, England

[4] Univ Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

[5] Ist Mario Negri, Milan, Italy

[6] Univ Milan, Milan, Italy

[7] Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Stockholm, Sweden

[8] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY USA

[9] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA

[10] Aichi Canc Res Inst, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan

[11] Albert Einstein Coll Med, New York, NY USA

[12] Alberta Hlth Serv, Calgary, AB, Canada

[13] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA USA

[14] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA USA

[15] Aviano Canc Ctr, Pordenone, Italy

[16] Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand

[17] Bank Cyprus Oncol Ctr, Nicosia, Cyprus

[18] Barts & London Queen Marys Sch Med & Dent, London, England

[19] Johns Hopkins Univ, Breast Tumor Collaborat Study, Baltimore, MD USA

[20] Boston Univ, Sloane Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA USA

[21] British Columbia Canc Agcy, Vancouver, BC, Canada

[22] Calif Pacific Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA

[23] Canc Council NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia

[24] Canc Ctr & M Sklodowska Curie Inst Oncol, Warsaw, Poland

[25] Canc Prevent Inst Calif, Fremont, CA USA

[26] Univ Hawaii, Canc Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA

[27] Univ Tehran, Inst Canc, Canc Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

[28] Canadian Canc Registries Epidemiol Res Grp, Ottawa, ON, Canada

[29] Canc Res UK Epidemiol Unit, Oxford, England

[30] Canc Res UK MRC BHF, Clin Trial Serv, Oxford, England

[31] Canc Res UK MRC BHF, Epidemiol Studies Unit, Oxford, England

[32] Canc Res UK Genet Epidemiol Lab, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England

[33] Canc Res UK, London, England

[34] Catalan Inst Oncol, Barcelona, Spain

[35] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA

[36] Cent Inst Canc Res, Berlin, Germany

[37] Univ Melbourne, Ctr Genet Epidemiol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[38] Harvard Med Sch, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Lab, Boston, MA USA

[39] Chennai Canc Inst, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India

[40] Chiang Mai Univ, Chiang Mai, Thailand

[41] Chulalongkorn Univ, Bangkok, Thailand

[42] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA

[43] Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada

[44] Danish Canc Soc, Inst Canc Epidemiol, Copenhagen, Denmark

[45] Res Ctr Prevent & Hlth, Danish Nurse Cohort Study, Capital Reg, Denmark

[46] Univ Canc Ctr Hamburg, Dept Canc Epidemiol Clin Canc Registry, Hamburg, Germany

[47] Karolinska Inst, Dept Environm Med, Stockholm, Sweden

[48] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA

[49] Univ Bergen, Dept Math, N-5007 Bergen, Norway

[50] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol, Stockholm, Sweden

来源：

LANCET ONCOLOGY | 2012年 / 13卷 / 11期

关键词：

REQUIRING PROLONGED OBSERVATION; AGE; REPRODUCIBILITY; VALIDITY; PATIENT; RECALL; DESIGN;

D O I：

10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70425-4

中图分类号：

R73 [肿瘤学];

学科分类号：

100214 ;

摘要：

Background Menarche and menopause mark the onset and cessation, respectively, of ovarian activity associated with reproduction, and affect breast cancer risk. Our aim was to assess the strengths of their effects and determine whether they depend on characteristics of the tumours or the affected women. Methods Individual data from 117 epidemiological studies, including 118 964 women with invasive breast cancer and 306 091 without the disease, none of whom had used menopausal hormone therapy, were included in the analyses. We calculated adjusted relative risks (RRs) associated with menarche and menopause for breast cancer overall, and by tumour histology and by oestrogen receptor expression. Findings Breast cancer risk increased by a factor of 1.050 (95% CI 1.044-1.057; p < 0.0001) for every year younger at menarche, and independently by a smaller amount (1.029, 1.025-1.032; p < 0.0001), for every year older at menopause. Premenopausal women had a greater risk of breast cancer than postmenopausal women of an identical age (RR at age 45-54 years 1.43, 1.33-1.52, p < 0.001). All three of these associations were attenuated by increasing adiposity among postmenopausal women, but did not vary materially by women's year of birth, ethnic origin, childbearing history, smoking, alcohol consumption, or hormonal contraceptive use. All three associations were stronger for lobular than for ductal tumours (p < 0.006 for each comparison). The effect of menopause in women of an identical age and trends by age at menopause were stronger for oestrogen receptor-positive disease than for oestrogen receptor-negative disease (p < 0.01 for both comparisons). Interpretation The effects of menarche and menopause on breast cancer risk might not be acting merely by lengthening women's total number of reproductive years. Endogenous ovarian hormones are more relevant for oestrogen receptor-positive disease than for oestrogen receptor-negative disease and for lobular than for ductal tumours. Funding Cancer Research UK.

引用

页码：1141 / 1151

页数：11

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