Sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) tablets as an alternative to sodium hypochlorite for the routine treatment of drinking water at the household level

被引:127
作者
Clasen, T
Edmondson, P
机构
[1] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, London WC1E 7HT, England
[2] Medentech Ltd, Wexford, Ireland
关键词
chlorine; household; NaDCC; sodium hypochlorite; sodium dichloroisocyanurate; water treatment;
D O I
10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.11.004
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Household water treatment using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) has been recognized as a cost-effective means of reducing the heavy burden of diarrhea and other waterborne diseases. especially among populations without access to improved water supplies. Sodium dichlorolsocyanurate (NaDCC) which is widely used in emergencies, is ail alternative source of chlorine that may present certain advantages over NaOCl for household-based interventions in development settings. We summarize the basic chemistry and possible benefits of NaDCC, and review the available literature concerning its safety and regulatory treatment and microbiological effectiveness. We review the evidence concerning NaDCC in field studies, including microbiological performance and health outcomes. Finally, we examine studies and data to compare NaDCC with NaOCl in terms of compliance, acceptability, affordability and sustainability, and suggest areas for further research. (C) 2005 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:173 / 181
页数:9
相关论文
共 55 条
[1]  
AUSTIN CJ, 1993, P 19 WEDC C ACCR GHA, P90
[2]  
BAYLAC P, 1996, RECUEIL MED VET JUI, P391
[3]   INTERACTION OF BACILLUS-SUBTILIS SPORES WITH SODIUM-HYPOCHLORITE, SODIUM DICHLOROISOCYANURATE AND CHLORAMINE-T [J].
BLOOMFIELD, SF ;
ARTHUR, M .
JOURNAL OF APPLIED BACTERIOLOGY, 1992, 72 (02) :166-172
[4]   ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM DICHLOROISOCYANURATE AND SODIUM-HYPOCHLORITE FORMULATIONS [J].
BLOOMFIELD, SF ;
MILES, GA .
JOURNAL OF APPLIED BACTERIOLOGY, 1979, 46 (01) :65-73
[5]   THE ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM-HYPOCHLORITE AND SODIUM DICHLOROISOCYANURATE AS HOSPITAL DISINFECTANTS [J].
BLOOMFIELD, SF ;
USO, EE .
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION, 1985, 6 (01) :20-30
[6]  
BLOOMFIELD SF, 1996, HDB DISINFECTANTS AN
[7]  
*CDCP, 2005, EFF CHLOR IN SEL MIC
[8]   Interventions to improve water quality for preventing diarrhoea [J].
Clasen, T. ;
Roberts, I ;
Rabie, T. ;
Schmidt, W. ;
Cairncross, S. .
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS, 2006, (03)
[9]  
Connell GF, 2000, J AM WATER WORKS ASS, V92, P32
[10]   Household based treatment of drinking water with flocculant-disinfectant for preventing diarrhoea in areas with turbid source water in rural western Kenya: cluster randomised controlled trial [J].
Crump, JA ;
Otieno, PO ;
Slutsker, L ;
Keswick, BH ;
Rosen, DH ;
Hoekstra, RM ;
Vulule, JM ;
Luby, SP .
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 2005, 331 (7515) :478-481