We demonstrate that the refractive indices of semiconducting polymer thin films can be tuned over significant ranges by dispersing nanosized dielectric particles into the polymer matrix. We have dispersed up to 30 vol% 50 Angstrom SiO2 or 55 vol% 10 Angstrom TiO2 particles into the conjugated polymer poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) and found no significant Mie scattering. A maximum decrease Delta n=-0.75 at 550nm is measured for nanocomposites with 55 vol% TiO2. We have also fabricated semiconducting polymer photonic structures such as distributed Bragg reflectors and Fabry-Perot resonators by successive: solution-deposition of alternate high- and low-index layers.