Efficacy and safety of dofetilide, a new class III antiarrhythmic agent, in acute termination of atrial fibrillation or flutter after coronary artery bypass surgery

Ninety-eight patients, who developed atrial fibrillation/flutter after coronary artery bypass grafting within 1-6 days after surgery, were included into a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial to assess the efficacy and safety of dofetilide. Patients were randomly allocated to dofetilide 4 mu g/kg i.v. (n=33), dofetilide 8 mu g/kg i.v. (n=32) or placebo (n=33) given intravenously over 15 min at a constant infusion rate. Responders were defined as patients who converted to sinus rhythm at any time during the initial 3 h after the start of the infusion. The conversion rates were 24% (8/33) on placebo, 36% (12/33) on dofetilide 4 mu g/kg, and 44% (14/32) on dofetilide 8 mu g/kg. The P-values (two-tailed) were 0.27 for dofetilide 4 mu g/kg vs. placebo, O.11 for dofetilide 8 mu g/kg vs. placebo, and 0.10 for dose-response relationship. Short episodes of aberrant ventricular conduction and ventricular tachycardia were seen separately in three subjects after dofetilide 8 mu g/kg. No episodes of torsades de pointes were noted. No negative inotropic effect was noted. In conclusion, dofetilide was well tolerated, bur the effects on atrial fibrillation/flutter did not attain statistical significance, possibly due to the high placebo conversion rate. Copyright (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.