Endoscopic transumbilical subglandular augmentation mammaplasty

This article describes the method and instrumentation for endoscopic subglandular augmentation and reports the incidence of postoperative bleeding, infection, and capsule contracture for this series of patients and their degree of satisfaction. With modification, and adequate clinician training and experience, the aesthetic results of endoscopic subglandular augmentation are comparable. The complication rate is no greater with this closed technique than with open augmentation.