Rheological and rheo-optical characterization of shear-induced structure formation in a nonionic drag-reducing surfactant solution

被引:45
作者
Hu, YT
Matthys, EF
机构
[1] UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,MAT RES LAB,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106
[2] UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT MECH ENGN,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106
关键词
D O I
10.1122/1.550839
中图分类号
O3 [力学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0801 ;
摘要
We know of only a few rheological studies of nonionic surfactant solutions, and these did not show clear evidence of shear-induced structures (SIS) formation. This paper reports, however, some rheological and rheo-optical results for nonionic surfactant solutions at different concentrations and temperatures that do show clear evidence of such SIS formation. For example, in a 0.3% SPE 95285 solution at 5 degrees C, the shear viscosity, N-1, and flow birefringence start from a low level and takes tens of seconds to grow to a high plateau region upon the application of a 100 s(-1) shear. The re-application of the same shear after rest following a preshear indicates that the effect of the shear persists for a very long time (hundreds of seconds). These transient flow results resemble those exhibited by cationic surfactants or associating polymer solutions. The time needed for the viscosity and N-1 to reach plateau values generally decrease with increasing shear rate and temperature. At moderate shear rates, the N-1 and viscosity decrease monotonically with increasing temperature, whereas at low shear rate the viscosity increases with temperature up to the cloud point, and then decreases. The steady state N-1 and viscosity levels increase with the surfactant concentration. Both the transient and steady state behavior appear rather insensitive to the addition of contaminants. (C) 1997 The Society of Rheology.
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页码:151 / 166
页数:16
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