Uneven X inactivation in a female monozygotic twin pair with Fabry disease and discordant expression of a novel mutation in the alpha-galactosidase A gene

被引:86
作者
RedonnetVernhet, I
vanAmstel, JKP
Jansen, RPM
Wevers, RA
Salvayre, R
Levade, T
机构
[1] CHU RANGUEIL,INST LOUIS BUGNARD,LAB BIOCHIM MED,F-31054 TOULOUSE,FRANCE
[2] CLIN GENET CTR,DNA LAB,NL-3501 CA UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS
[3] NEUROL INST,LAB NEUROL & PAEDIAT,NIJMEGEN,NETHERLANDS
关键词
Fabry disease; X inactivation; monozygotic twins;
D O I
10.1136/jmg.33.8.682
中图分类号
Q3 [遗传学];
学科分类号
071007 ; 090102 ;
摘要
We describe two female monozygotic (MZ) twins heterozygous for Fabry disease, an X linked disorder resulting from the deficient activity of alpha-galactosidase A. While one of the twins was clinically affected, the other was asymptomatic. Enzymatic assay of alpha-galactosidase in blood leucocytes, skin fibroblasts, Epstein-Barr virus transformed lymphoid cell lines, and hair follicles of the twins and their parents confirmed the heterozygous status of the twins and indicated that Fabry disease had occurred as a result of a de novo mutation. The son of the unaffected twin sister was shown to be hemizygous. Molecular analysis of the alpha-galactosidase A gene permitted the identification of an as yet undescribed point mutation at position 10182 of exon 5 which causes an Asp to Asn substitution at codon 231. Single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis again showed the heterozygous status of the twins and a normal pattern in their parents. The basis for the discordant expression of this de novo mutation in the twins was investigated by studying their X inactivation status. Analysis of the inactive X specific methylation at the androgen receptor gene showed unbalanced inactivation in the twins' fibroblasts and in opposite directions. While the maternally derived X chromosome was preferentially active in the asymptomatic twin, the paternal X chromosome was active in the other, affected twin and was found in her hemizygotic nephew. These data suggest that the paternal X chromosome carries the de novo alpha-galactosidase A mutation and that uneven X inactivation is the underlying mechanism for disease expression in this novel female MZ twin pair. This is the first documented case of female twins discordant for Fabry disease.
引用
收藏
页码:682 / 688
页数:7
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