Spray of phospholipid powder reduces peritoneal adhesions in rabbits

Background: The possible effects of peritoneal dialysis and a combination of two exogenous phospholipids, dipalmitoylphosphatidylchorine (DPPC) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG), on experimentally induced intraperitoneal adhesion formation in rabbits were compared. Methods: Fifty New Zealand rabbits equally divided in five groups underwent a midline laparotomy to create a right iliac fossa 5 x 1 cm parietal peritoneal defect and a matching defect over the adjacent large bowel. In 10 control rabbits (group I) the abdominal wound was closed without any further intervention. Twenty rabbits forming groups II and III underwent two sessions of peritoneal dialysis, one following abdominal closure and the second 24 h later, through a catheter placed at surgery. Rabbits in group UI received an intraperitoneal injection of DPPC and PG after each session of dialysis. In 10 animals (group IV) a DPPC gel was applied to the defect over the large bowel and in 10 animals (group V) the peritoneal cavity was sprayed with a 'puff' of DPPC:PG (7:3) powder prior to abdominal closure. All the animals were killed a week after the laparotomy to assess the extent of adhesion formation. Results: The formation of adhesions was reduced in all the groups compared to the controls but a statistically significant difference was observed only in the group receiving the intraperitoneal 'puff of DPPC:PG powder. Conclusion: A combination of DPPC and pc sprayed as a 'puff intraperitoneally reduces experimentally induced peritoneal adhesions in rabbits.