Hierarchical porous NiO architectures as highly recyclable adsorbents for effective removal of organic dye from aqueous solution

Hierarchical porous NiO architectures were successfully synthesized by a facile additive-free solvothermal route combining a calcination process. The as-prepared porous architectures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques. The NiO architectures exhibited the excellent performance for the removal of Congo red (CR) from aqueous solution. The kinetics and isotherm of adsorption process were determined and modeled in detail, which were found to obey the pseudo-second-order kinetics and Freundlich isotherm model, respectively. Moreover, NiO architectures can be recycled by a facile solid/liquid separation followed by a simple heat treatment, which could retain the high removal efficiency in three successive cycles. This study suggests that hierarchical porous NiO architectures could be explored as a new adsorbent with high efficiency and recyclability for removing organic dye pollutants from aqueous solution. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.