Merkel Cell Carcinoma Histologic Features and Prognosis

BACKGROUND. Currently, little is known regarding the potential prognostic value of histologic features in primary Cutaneous neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinomas (MCC). METHODS. in a retrospective review of the tumor histology and clinical outcome data (median follow-tip, 51 months; range, 3-224 months) of 156 patients with a diagnosis of MCC, the following histologic features were evaluated: tumor thickness, tumor size (greatest dimension of the tumor), microanatomic compartment involved by tumor (dermis and/or subcutis and/or deeper), tumor growth pattern (nodular circumscribed vs infiltrative), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor necrosis, ulceration, and solar elastosis. RESULTS. The overall 5-year survival rate was 67.5%. On univariate analysis, parameters that were associated significantly with Survival were tumor thickness (P = .001), turnor size (P = .0002), deepest anatomic compartment involved by tumor (P = .0003), tumor growth pattern (P = .003), LVI (P < .00001), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (P = .05), and solar elastosis (P = .04). On multivariate analysis, the presence of a nodular growth pattern, low tumor depth, and absence of LVI were associated with longer Survival. CONCLUSIONS. In addition to the known prognostic value Of tumor stage, 3 histologic features were identified to have prognostic significance: turner thickness (depth of turnor invasion), the presence of LVI, and Minor growth pattern. Cancer 2008; 113:2549-58. (C) 2008 American Cancer Society.