Interferometric SAR observations of ice topography and velocity changes related to the 1996, Gjalp subglacial eruption, Iceland

被引:14
作者
Alsdorf, DE [1 ]
Smith, LC
机构
[1] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Computat Earth Syst Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
[2] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1080/014311699211606
中图分类号
TP7 [遥感技术];
学科分类号
081102 ; 0816 ; 081602 ; 083002 ; 1404 ;
摘要
A major volcanic eruption beneath the Vatnajokull ice cap from 30 September to 13 October 1996 melted up to 500m of overlying ice and produced 3.5km(3) of water that was later released catastrophically onto the Skeidararsandur outwash plain. Here, we present pre- and post-event topography and velocity field maps of the ice cap surface derived from ERS-1/2 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry. Within the errors of this method our results reveal local topographic and ice flow variations near the eruption site and incision of a 140m meltwater trench. A 24-hour, 50cm subsidence of the frozen surface of the Grimsvotn caldera lake was also detected. However, despite the large increases in geothermal heat flux and basal meltwater availability associated with this event, there appears to be no regional-scale ice subsidence and little to no alteration in flow dynamics of the Vatnajokull ice cap.
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页码:3031 / 3050
页数:20
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