Interaction between bacteria and the domoic-acid-producing diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries (Hasle) Hasle;: can bacteria produce domoic acid autonomously?

被引:41
作者
Bates, SS
Gaudet, J
Kaczmarska, I
Ehrman, JM
机构
[1] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Gulf Fisheries Ctr, Moncton, NB E1C 9B6, Canada
[2] Mt Allison Univ, Dept Biol, Sackville, NB E4L 1G7, Canada
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
bacteria-phytoplankton interactions; domoic acid; epiphytic bacteria; Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries;
D O I
10.1016/j.hal.2003.08.001
中图分类号
Q17 [水生生物学];
学科分类号
071004 ;
摘要
The interaction between bacteria and phytoplankton is increasingly becoming recognised as an important factor in the physiology of toxin production and the dynamics of harmful algal blooms (HABs). Bacteria can play a direct or indirect role in the production of biotoxins once solely attributed to microalgae. Evidence implicating bacteria as an autonomous source paralytic shellfish poisoning biotoxins raises the question of autonomous bacterial toxigenesis of the neurotoxin domoic acid (DA), the cause of amnesic shellfish poisoning. Here, we examine whether the previously observed bacterial enhancement of DA production by Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries (Hasle) Hasle may be attributable to independent biotoxin production by the extra-cellular bacteria associated with this diatom. The growth and toxicity of six cultures of xenic P. multiseries clone CLN-1 were followed for 24 days. Up to day 14 (mid-stationary phase), DA production was not statistically different among culture flasks. On day 14, R multiseries cells were removed by gentle filtration from a set of triplicate flasks, leaving the bacteria in the filtrate. Following the removal of the algal cells, DA in the filtrate ceased to increase. Instead, DA levels continuously declined. A follow-up experiment determined that this was likely caused by photodegradation rather than by bacterial degradation. We conclude that after removing R multiseries cells, the extra-cellular bacteria remaining in the filtrate were incapable of autonomous DA toxigenesis, even in the presence of P multiseries exudates. However, scanning electron microscopy revealed that R multiseries cells harboured epiphytic bacteria, the importance of which can still not be ruled out in DA production. Crown Copyright (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:11 / 20
页数:10
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