Development of a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) orbital implant allowing direct muscle attachment and tissue ingrowth

Purpose: To develop a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) orbital implant that allows tissue ingrowth and direct muscle attachment to minimize the risk of extrusion and to enhance cosmesis. Methods: Assessment of clinical outcomes and histologic findings after implantation of 18 prototype prostheses into rabbits. The implants were not wrapped with other tissues or materials. Results: One case of infection was observed but there were no extrusions, with up to 21 months follow-up. Biocolonization was confirmed histologically. Good movement was observed when a cosmetic shell was fitted. Conclusions: The prototype prosthesis appears promising, with particular advantages being the direct attachment of extraocular muscles, good cosmesis and movement, and a low complication rate in this pilot study.