Evidence-Based Knowledge Versus Negotiated Indicators for Assessment of Ecological Sustainability: The Swedish Forest Stewardship Council Standard as a Case Study

被引：19

作者：

Angelstam, Per ^{[1
]}

Roberge, Jean-Michel ^{[2
]}

Axelsson, Robert ^{[3
]}

Elbakidze, Marine ^{[1
]}

Bergman, Karl-Olof ^{[4
]}

Dahlberg, Anders ^{[5
,6
]}

Degerman, Erik ^{[7
]}

Eggers, Sonke ^{[8
]}

Esseen, Per-Anders ^{[9
]}

Hjalten, Joakim ^{[2
]}

Johansson, Therese ^{[2
]}

Mueller, Joerg ^{[10
]}

Paltto, Heidi ^{[4
]}

Snall, Tord ^{[6
]}

Soloviy, Ihor ^{[11
]}

Tornblom, Johan ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Sch Forest Management, Fac Forest Sci, S-73091 Skinnskatteberg, Sweden

[2] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Wildlife Fish & Environm Studies, S-90183 Umea, Sweden

[3] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Sch Forest Management, Fac Forest Sci, S-73921 Skinnskatteberg, Sweden

[4] Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys Chem & Biol IFM, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden

[5] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Mycol & Plant Pathol, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden

[6] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Swedish Species Informat Ctr, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden

[7] Inst Freshwater Res, Dept Aquat Resources, S-70215 Orebro, Sweden

[8] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden

[9] Umea Univ, Dept Ecol & Environm Sci, S-90187 Umea, Sweden

[10] Natl Pk Bavarian Forest, D-94481 Grafenau, Germany

[11] Ukrainian Natl Forestry Univ, Inst Ecol Econ, Lvov, Ukraine

来源：

AMBIO | 2013年 / 42卷 / 02期

关键词：

Biodiversity; Monitoring; Indicators; Performance targets; Negotiation; Social learning; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; CERTIFICATION; POLICY; MANAGEMENT; NATURALNESS; SWEDEN; WOOD; THRESHOLDS; LANDSCAPES; OUTCOMES;

D O I：

10.1007/s13280-012-0377-z

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Assessing ecological sustainability involves monitoring of indicators and comparison of their states with performance targets that are deemed sustainable. First, a normative model was developed centered on evidence-based knowledge about (a) forest composition, structure, and function at multiple scales, and (b) performance targets derived by quantifying the habitat amount in naturally dynamic forests, and as required for presence of populations of specialized focal species. Second, we compared the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification standards' ecological indicators from 1998 and 2010 in Sweden to the normative model using a Specific, Measurable, Accurate, Realistic, and Timebound (SMART) indicator approach. Indicator variables and targets for riparian and aquatic ecosystems were clearly under-represented compared to terrestrial ones. FSC's ecological indicators expanded over time from composition and structure towards function, and from finer to coarser spatial scales. However, SMART indicators were few. Moreover, they poorly reflected quantitative evidence-based knowledge, a consequence of the fact that forest certification mirrors the outcome of a complex social negotiation process.

引用

页码：229 / 240

页数：12

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