Scattering losses from dielectric apertures in vertical-cavity lasers

被引:64
作者
Hegblom, ER [1 ]
Babic, DI [1 ]
Thibeault, BJ [1 ]
Coldren, LA [1 ]
机构
[1] HEWLETT PACKARD LABS,PALO ALTO,CA 94304
关键词
laser resonators; optical-diffraction; optical scattering; semiconductor lasers; surface-emitting lasers;
D O I
10.1109/2944.605682
中图分类号
TM [电工技术]; TN [电子技术、通信技术];
学科分类号
0808 ; 0809 ;
摘要
In vertical-cavity lasers (VCL's) employing oxide or airgap apertures, the lasing mode typically travels unguided throughout most of the structure, For the aperture to exactly compensate for the diffraction of the mode in these regions, it would need to have a parabolic lateral index profile (i.e., that Active of an ideal thin lens), Although nonparabolic aperture shapes Layers will partially compensate diffraction losses, some light will be scattered out of the mode, These scattering losses increase as the aperture size is reduced and will limit the performance of the smallest devices, We analyze these losses first using a semianalytic approach which allows us to frame the problem in terms of two parameters of the structure: the Fresnel number and the effective optical path length across the aperture, We compare the estimate with experimental results and with an iterative numerical calculation of the actual mode and losses, Lastly, we compare the loss reduction with different amounts of tapering that provide a better approximation to the ideal parabolic lens.
引用
收藏
页码:379 / 389
页数:11
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