Plasma fibrinogen and its association with cardiovascular risk factors in apparently healthy Japanese subjects

Recent evidence has shown the association of increased plasma fibrinogen levels with subsequent coronary heart disease or stroke. Fibrinogen is an acute-phase inflammatory reactant as well as a clotting factor. The authors investigated an association between fibrinogen levels and cardiovascular risk factors in apparently healthy Japanese subjects, while considering C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, a marker of the inflammatory status. Plasma fibrinogen and serum CRP from 2 706 participants in an annual mass screening examination, held in Matsukawa, Nagano, Japan were measured. A total of 2 355 subjects (816 men and 1 539 women) were analyzed after excluding individuals with a history of diabetes mellitus, heart disease, or stroke. Plasma fibrinogen was strongly correlated with CRP levels. After adjusting the CRP levels, fibrinogen was positively associated with age, smoking status, total cholesterol, and hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) in men, and with age, total cholesterol, and HbA(1c) in women. On the other hand, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was a strong negative correlate of fibrinogen in both genders. Fibrinogen levels also tended to be associated positively with body mass index in both genders and negatively with exercise habits in men. The present multiple regression analysis has shown that plasma fibrinogen levels are correlated with conventional cardiovascular risk factors even after adjusting for the CRP levels. Persons with cardiovascular risk factors tended to have higher fibrinogen levels, suggesting that all elevated plasma fibrinogen concentration in those with risk factors may further increase the risk of the development of atherothrombosis and subsequent cardiovascular disease through the blood coagulation system.