Size and charge effects of dopant M on the unit-cell parameters of monoclinic zirconia solid solutions Zr(0.98)M(0.02)O(2-delta) (M=Ce,La,Nd,Sm,Y,Er,Yb,Sc,Mg,Ca)

The crystal structure of monoclinic phase [P2(1)/c, Z = 4] has been refined by the Rietveld analysis of X-ray powder diffraction data to study the size and charge effects of dopant M(n+) on the unit-cell parameters of monoclinic ZrO2-2 mol% MO(n/2) solid solutions (a = 4 for M = Ce; n = 3 for M = La, Nd, Sm, Y,Er, Yb, Sc; and a = 2 for M Mg and Ca). For trivalent dopant (n = 3), the unit-cell parameters a(m), b(m), c, and unit-cell volume increase and beta(m) decreases with an increase of dopant size. Unit-cell volume increases with increasing of dopant charge n.