Taking the "Waste" Out of "Wastewater" for Human Water Security and Ecosystem Sustainability

被引：495

作者：

Grant, Stanley B. ^{[1
,2
]}

Saphores, Jean-Daniel ^{[1
,3
]}

Feldman, David L. ^{[3
]}

Hamilton, Andrew J. ^{[4
]}

Fletcher, Tim D. ^{[5
]}

Cook, Perran L. M. ^{[6
]}

Stewardson, Michael ^{[2
]}

Sanders, Brett F. ^{[1
]}

Levin, Lisa A. ^{[7
]}

Ambrose, Richard F. ^{[8
]}

Deletic, Ana ^{[9
]}

Brown, Rebekah ^{[10
]}

Jiang, Sunny C. ^{[1
]}

Rosso, Diego ^{[1
]}

Cooper, William J. ^{[1
]}

Marusic, Ivan ^{[11
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Irvine, CA 92697 USA

[2] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Engn, Dept Infrastruct Engn, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia

[3] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Planning Policy & Design, Irvine, CA 92697 USA

[4] Univ Melbourne, Dept Agr & Food Syst, Dookie Coll, Melbourne, Vic 3647, Australia

[5] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Land & Environm, Richmond, Vic 3121, Australia

[6] Monash Univ, Sch Chem, Water Studies Ctr, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia

[7] Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA

[8] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Environm Sci & Engn Program, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA

[9] Monash Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Monash Water Liveabil, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia

[10] Monash Univ, Sch Geog & Environm Sci, Monash Water Liveabil, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia

[11] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia

来源：

SCIENCE | 2012年 / 337卷 / 6095期

关键词：

POTABLE WATER; ENERGY; REUSE; CONSUMPTION; MANAGEMENT; BALANCE; SAVINGS;

D O I：

10.1126/science.1216852

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Humans create vast quantities of wastewater through inefficiencies and poor management of water systems. The wasting of water poses sustainability challenges, depletes energy reserves, and undermines human water security and ecosystem health. Here we review emerging approaches for reusing wastewater and minimizing its generation. These complementary options make the most of scarce freshwater resources, serve the varying water needs of both developed and developing countries, and confer a variety of environmental benefits. Their widespread adoption will require changing how freshwater is sourced, used, managed, and priced.

引用

页码：681 / 686

页数：6

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