Mixed convective heat and moisture transfer from a horizontal furry cylinder in a transverse wind

Free and forced convection heat and moisture transfer are investigated for the fur layer on a model animal limb or torso in a transverse wind. The analysis includes various modes of heat transfer through dry fur: conduction through the hairs, conduction, free and forced convection in the interstitial and external air, and evaporation from the skin. The relative contributions of these mechanisms are investigated by finite-element calculations for several mammalian species. Comparisons are made with the experimental data of Gebremedhin on Holstein calves. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.