Effects of the extract of the bark of Magnolia obovata and its biphenolic constituents magnolol and honokiol on histamine release from peritoneal mast cells in rats

We have previously reported that salboku-to, an Oriental herbal remedy composed of a mixture of 10 different herbal extracts, possesses anti-histamine release effect on mast cells in rats. This effect may be due mainly to the extract of the bark of Magnolia obovata (M. obovata), a constituent herb of saiboku-to. In the present study, it was demonstrated that the bark extract inhibited compound 48/80 (C48/80)-induced histamine release from mast cells in a concentration-dependent manner (50% inhibitory concentration, IC50 = 56.98 mug/ml). Furthermore, the inhibitory activity was found in the methanol fraction, but not in water and 50% aqueous methanol fractions derived from the bark extract. Magnolol and honokiol isolated from the methanol fraction inhibited C48/80-Induced histamine release from mast cells. The potency of magnolol (IC50 = 1.04 mug/ml) was greater than that of honokiol (IC50 = 2.77 mug/ ml). Furthermore, the actual amount of magnolol (49.76 +/- 1.14 mg) contained in the bark of M. obovata (5 g) was greater than that (8.58 +/- 0.19 mg) of honokiol. Taken together, the present results suggest that magnolol may be responsible for the biological efficacy of the bark extract of M. obovato.