Industrial and urban symbiosis in Japan: Analysis of the Eco-Town program 1997-2006

被引：207

作者：

Van Berkel, Rene ^{[1
,2
]}

Fujita, Tsuyoshi ^{[1
,3
]}

Hashimoto, Shizuka ^{[1
]}

Geng, Yong ^{[1
,4
]}

机构：

[1] NIES, Asian Environm Res Grp, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan

[2] Ecoinnovation, Vienna, Austria

[3] Toyo Univ, Tokyo, Japan

[4] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, Shenyang, Peoples R China

来源：

JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT | 2009年 / 90卷 / 03期

关键词：

Industrial ecology; Recycling; Industry modernisation; Environmental industries' development; EFFICIENCY; CHINA;

D O I：

10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.11.010

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Japan's Eco-Town Program spearheaded in Japan the integration of Industrial Symbiosis and Urban Symbiosis, seeking to maximise the economic and environmental benefit from close geographic proximity of industrial and urban areas, through the use of previously discarded commercial, municipal and industrial waste materials in industrial applications. The program established 26 Eco-Towns around Japan. Approximately 1.65 billion USD was invested in 61 innovative recycling projects, with an average government subsidy of 36%. In addition at least 107 other recycling facilities have been constructed without government subsidy. 14 Eco-Towns primarily contributed to improving industry's productivity, whilst 10 Eco-Towns primarily contributed to improving environmental amenity. In 16 Eco-Towns the private sector was the most important actor supporting local government in the realisation of the Eco-Town, whilst in 9 Eco-Towns this was civil society. The availability of investment subsidies, the coming into force of ambitious recycling legislation with quantified, product-specific targets, access to the significant technological resources of the private sector, and widespread recognition of the urgency to act on environmental issues, all contributed to the success of the Eco-Town Program. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：1544 / 1556

页数：13

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