Quantum computers and quantum coherence

被引:136
作者
DiVincenzo, DP
Loss, D
机构
[1] IBM Corp, Div Res, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA
[2] Univ Basel, Dept Phys & Astron, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
关键词
quantum computing; quantum dot; entanglement; quantum coherence; quantum gate;
D O I
10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00315-7
中图分类号
T [工业技术];
学科分类号
08 ;
摘要
If the states of spins in solids can be created, manipulated, and measured at the single-quantum level an entirely new form of information processing, quantum computing, will be possible. We first give an overview of quantum information processing, showing that the famous Shor speedup of integer factoring is just one of a host of important applications for qubits, including cryptography, counterfeit protection, channel capacity enhancement, distributed computing, and others. We review our proposed spin-quantum dot architecture for a quantum computer. and we indicate a variety of first generation materials, optical, and electrical measurements which should be considered. We analyze the efficiency of a two-dot device as a transmitter of quantum information via the propagation of qubit carriers (i.e. electrons) in a Fermi sea. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:202 / 218
页数:17
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