High-performance liquid chromatography determination of pyrimethamine, dapsone, monoacetyldapsone, sulfadoxine, and N-acetyl-sulfadoxine after rapid solid-phase extraction

A solid-phase extraction procedure and a corresponding high-performance liquid chromatographic technique based on methods previously published by Edstein et al. (Edstein M. Quantification of antimalarial drugs. I. Simultaneous measurement of sulphadoxine, N(4)acetylsulphadoxine and pyrimethamine in human plasma. J Chromatogr 1984;305:502-7; Edstein M. Quantification of antimalarial drugs. II. Simultaneous measurement of dapsone, monoacetyldapsone and pyrimethamine in human plasma. J Chromatogr 1984;307:426-31) were developed for simultaneous determination of either dapsone (DDS), monoacetyldapsone (MADDS), and pyrimethamine (PYR) or sulfadoxine (SDX), N-acetyl-sulfadoxine (NAS) and pyrimethamine in plasma. Solid-phase extraction was achieved using C-18 extraction columns. An ion-pair chromatography was performed on a C-18 analytical column (mu Bondapak C-18, 300 x 3.9 mm I.D.). Gradient elution with methanol, acetonitrile, PIC B6 reagent (1-hexanesulphonic acid), and water as mobile phase was applied. Ultraviolet detection was done at 210 nm for PYR, at 254 nm for SDX and NAS, and at 295 nm for DDS and MADDS. The extraction recoveries averaged 92.1% for PYR, 87.6% for DDS, 87.5% for MADDS, 91.2% for SDX, and 92.4% for NAS. The limit of quantification using 1.0-ml plasma samples was 15 ng/ml for PYR, DDS, MADDS, NAS, and 25 ng/ml for SDX (precision < 15%).