Study of magnesium bioavailability using stable isotopes and the inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique in the rat: Single and double labelling approaches

The present work aimed to investigate the feasibility of using stable isotopes and inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) to study Mg absorption in rats. Male Wistar rats, aged 7 weeks and weighing 180 g, were used. They were fed on a semi-purified diet containing 1070 mg Mg/kg, and had free access to feed and distilled water. In the first experiment, after a 16 d adaptation period, two doses of enriched Mg-25 (6 and 12 mg) were administered by oral intubation, faeces and urine were collected daily and blood was sampled. Isotope ratios were determined by ICP/MS. 'True' absorption values, using the faecal isotope data, were 0.63 and 0.56 in rats receiving 6 and 12 mg Mg-25 respectively, while apparent absorption was 0.50 for two successive periods of metabolic balance studies. Moreover, the oral isotope administration resulted in a measurable isotopic enrichment in plasma within hours which was still detectable on the third day following the isotope administration. In the second experiment, investigating the double labelling technique, similar rats were dosed simultaneously with 5 mg Mg-26 orally (premixed with diet) and 0.29 mg Mg-25 intravenously. The calculated Mg true absorption values were very similar when calculated from blood or urine data (0.38) but were lower than that obtained from faecal data (0.50). The possible causes of such an unexpected difference and limits of the double labelling technique for Mg absorption are discussed here. Together these results indicate that although Mg-25 and Mg-26 isotopes have high natural abundance, the described methodology permits meaningful investigations of Mg. bioavailability and metabolism.