Melatonin pathway:: breaking the 'high-at-night' rule in trout retina

被引:63
作者
Besseau, L
Benyassi, A
Moller, M
Coon, SL
Weller, JL
Boeuf, G
Klein, DC
Falcón, J
机构
[1] Univ Paris 06, Lab Arago, F-66651 Banyuls sur Mer, France
[2] CNRS, UMR 7628, F-66651 Banyuls sur Mer, France
[3] Fac Sci Tanger, Physiol Anim Lab, Tanger, Morocco
[4] Univ Copenhagen, Panum Inst, Inst Med Anat, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
[5] NICHHD, Sect Neuroendocrinol, Dev Neurobiol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
关键词
arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase; hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase; melatonin; circadian clock; pineal; retina; fish;
D O I
10.1016/j.exer.2005.08.025
中图分类号
R77 [眼科学];
学科分类号
100212 ;
摘要
Pineal melatonin synthesis increases at night in all vertebrates, due to an increase in the activity of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT). Melatonin is also synthesized in the retina of some vertebrates and it is generally assumed that patterns of pineal and retinal AANAT activity and melatonin production are similar, i.e. they exhibit a high-at-night pattern. However, the situation in fish is atypical because in some cases retinal melatonin increases during the day, not the night. Consistent with this, we now report that light increases the activity and abundance of the AANAT expressed in trout retina, AANAT I, at a time when the activity and abundance of pineal AANAT, AANAT2, decreases. Likewise, exposure to darkness causes retinal AANAT protein and activity to decrease coincident with increases in the pineal gland. Rhythmic changes in retinal AANAT protein and activity are 180 degrees out of phase with those of retinal AANAT1 mRNA; all appear to be driven by environmental lighting, not by a circadian oscillator. The atypical high-during-the-day pattern of retinal AANAT I activity may reflect an evolutionary adaptation that optimizes an autocrine/paracrine signaling role of melatonin in photoadaptation and phototransduction; alternatively, it might reflect an adaptation that broadens and enhances aromatic amine detoxification in the retina. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
引用
收藏
页码:620 / 627
页数:8
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