Cranberry Juice for the Prevention of Pediatric Urinary Tract Infection: A Randomized Controlled Trial

被引:48
作者
Afshar, K. [1 ]
Stothers, L. [1 ]
Scott, H. [1 ]
MacNeily, A. E. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ British Columbia, Dept Urol Sci, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada
关键词
urinary tract infections; primary prevention; secondary prevention; Vaccinium macrocarpon; randomized controlled trial; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ADHERENCE;
D O I
10.1016/j.juro.2012.02.031
中图分类号
R5 [内科学]; R69 [泌尿科学(泌尿生殖系疾病)];
学科分类号
100201 [内科学]; 100221 [泌尿外科学];
摘要
Purpose: Proanthocyanidins found in cranberry have been reported to have in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity. We determined the effectiveness of cranberry juice for the prevention of urinary tract infections in children. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 children were randomized to receive daily cranberry juice with high concentrations of proanthocyanidin vs cranberry juice with no proanthocyanidin for a 1-year period. The study was powered to detect a 30% decrease in the rate of symptomatic urinary tract infection with type I and II errors of 0.05 and 0.2, respectively. Toilet trained children up to age 18 years were eligible if they had at least 2 culture documented nonfebrile urinary tract infections in the calendar year before enrollment. Patients with anatomical abnormalities (except for primary vesicoureteral reflux) were excluded from study. Subjects were followed for 12 months. The participants, clinicians, outcome assessor and statistician were all blinded to treatment allocation. Results: Of the children 39 girls and 1 boy were recruited. Mean and median patient age was 9.5 and 7 years, respectively (range 5 to 18). There were 20 patients with comparable baseline characteristics randomized to each group. After 12 months of followup the average incidence of urinary tract infection in the treatment group was 0.4 per patient per year and 1.15 in the placebo group (p = 0.045), representing a 65% reduction in the risk of urinary tract infection. Conclusions: Cranberry juice with high concentrations of proanthocyanidin appears to be effective in the prevention of pediatric nonfebrile urinary tract infections. Further studies are required to determine the cost-effectiveness of this approach.
引用
收藏
页码:1584 / 1587
页数:4
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