The interactive relationship of competitive climate and trait competitiveness with workplace attitudes, stress, and performance

There has been a considerable debate about the individual and organizational benefits of competition. Adopting a person-environment fit perspective, this research examined the influence of competition as an interaction between trait competitiveness and competitive climate. Using a sample of information technology workers, competitive climate was considered as both an individual level variable and a workgroup variable. Results show that the effect of competitive climate depended on trait competitiveness and the level at which climate was assessed for four of the outcomes assessed: job satisfaction, organizational commitment, job dedication, and supervisor-rated task performance. In general, the effect of competitive climate was more negative for individuals lower in trait competitiveness. Competitive psychological climate was associated with greater stress regardless of the level of trait competitiveness but was not directly related to self-rated task performance. Findings suggest that managers should be cautious in encouraging competitive climate. Copyright (C) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.