An accurate method for the determination of complex coefficients of single crystal piezoelectric resonators II: Design of measurement and experiments

In this paper, we present the design of measurements for single crystals by using the general results in Part I of this paper. The selection of impedance measurement or admittance measurement for both bar and plate type resonators is dependent on whether the cutting orientation I is parallel to or perpendicular to the electric field direction n. Two matrices A and 13, which are defined in part I of this paper, are major tools used for the measurement design. For different cutting orientations, the elements in matrix A are associated with different elastic and piezoelectric constants. Matrix B reveals what vibration modes can be excited electrically and how to excite them. With the aid of matrices A and B, the design of measurement becomes straightforward. The measurement for a rhombohedral class (3m) LiNbO3 single crystal is used as an example to demonstrate the experiment and calculation procedures. It is found that by using either three thin bars and one plate or three plates and one thin bar we can completely characterize the complex materials constants of a LiNbO3 single crystal.