Improving biocontrol activity of Pichia guillermondii against post-harvest decay of oranges in commercial packing-houses by reduced concentrations of fungicides

Three commercial tests were conducted in 2000-2001 in two commercial packing-houses (Muravera and Villacidro) located in Sardinia, Italy, to evaluate the efficacy of biological, chemical and integrated treatments against Penicillium digitatum and P. italicum on naturally inoculated orange fruit. Damage caused by the packing-house processing line was also assessed. Treating orange fruits with the yeast Pichia guilliermondii (strain 5A) in the processing line generally led to a significant reduction of post-harvest decay compared to the processed control, while the commercial product Aspire(R), based on Candida oleophila, was ineffective in inhibiting the pathogen when applied alone. The integrated application of thiabendazole or imazalil with the biocontrol agents significantly improved the control of fruit decay. Using thiabendazole at concentrations of 0.1 and 1.2 g L-1, led to similar inhibition of fruit decay in two trials. Both yeasts were equally able to colonize the fruit actively during storage. Passing fruits through the packing line caused a significant increase in fruit decay.