BRAIN INFLAMMATION AND ADULT NEUROGENESIS: THE DUAL ROLE OF MICROGLIA

被引:612
作者
Ekdahl, C. T. [1 ,3 ]
Kokaia, Z. [2 ]
Lindvall, O. [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Lund Hosp, Lab Neurogenesis & Cell Therapy, Wallenberg Neurosci Ctr, Sect Restorat Neurol, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
[2] Univ Lund Hosp, Lab Neural Stem Cell Biol, Sect Restorat Neurol, Stem Cell Inst, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
[3] Lund Strateg Res Ctr Stem Cell Biol & Cell Therap, Lund, Sweden
基金
瑞典研究理事会;
关键词
neurogenesis; microglia; inflammation; cytokines; stroke; status epilepticus; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; NEURAL STEM-CELLS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; DENTATE GYRUS; STATUS EPILEPTICUS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; TNF-ALPHA; SYNAPTIC-TRANSMISSION; NEURONAL REPLACEMENT; NEURITE OUTGROWTH;
D O I
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.06.052
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
In the adult mammalian brain, neurogenesis from neural stem/progenitor cells continues in two regions: the subgranular zone in the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone lining the lateral ventricles. The generated neuroblasts migrate to their appropriate location and differentiate to mature granule cells and olfactory bulb interneurons, respectively. Following injury such as stroke, neuroblasts generated in the subventricular zone migrate also into areas which are not normally neurogenic, e.g. striatum and cerebral cortex. In the initial studies in rodents, brain inflammation and microglia activation were found to be detrimental for the survival of the new hippocampal neurons early after they had been born. The role of inflammation for adult neurogenesis has, however, turned out to be much more complex. Recent experimental evidence indicates that microglia under certain circumstances can be beneficial and support the different steps in neurogenesis, progenitor proliferation, survival, migration, and differentiation. Here we summarize the current knowledge on the role of inflammation and in particular of microglia in adult neurogenesis in the intact and injured mammalian brain. We conclude that microglia activation, as an indicator of inflammation, is not pro- or antineurogenic per se but the net outcome is dependent on the balance between secreted molecules with pro- and antiinflammatory action. (C) 2009 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1021 / 1029
页数:9
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