Major viral impact on the functioning of benthic deep-sea ecosystems

被引:296
作者
Danovaro, Roberto [1 ]
Dell'Anno, Antonio [1 ]
Corinaldesi, Cinzia [1 ]
Magagnini, Mirko [1 ]
Noble, Rachel [2 ]
Tamburini, Christian [3 ]
Weinbauer, Markus [4 ,5 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Polytech Univ Marche, Dept Marine Sci, Fac Sci, I-60131 Ancona, Italy
[2] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA
[3] Univ Aix Marseille 2, Ctr Oceanol Marseille, CNRS, UMR 6117, F-13288 Marseille 9, France
[4] CNRS, F-06234 Villefranche Sur Mer, France
[5] Lab Oceanog Villefranche, Microbial Ecol & Biogeochem Grp, F-06234 Villefranche Sur Mer, France
[6] Univ Paris 06, Lab Oceanog Villefranche, F-06234 Villefranche Sur Mer, France
关键词
D O I
10.1038/nature07268
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Viruses are the most abundant biological organisms of the world's oceans. Viral infections are a substantial source of mortality in a range of organisms - including autotrophic and heterotrophic plankton - but their impact on the deep ocean and benthic biosphere is completely unknown. Here we report that viral production in deep- sea benthic ecosystems worldwide is extremely high, and that viral infections are responsible for the abatement of 80% of prokaryotic heterotrophic production. Virus- induced prokaryotic mortality increases with increasing water depth, and beneath a depth of 1,000 m nearly all of the prokaryotic heterotrophic production is transformed into organic detritus. The viral shunt, releasing on a global scale similar to 0.37 - 0.63 gigatonnes of carbon per year, is an essential source of labile organic detritus in the deep- sea ecosystems. This process sustains a high prokaryotic biomass and provides an important contribution to prokaryotic metabolism, allowing the system to cope with the severe organic resource limitation of deep- sea ecosystems. Our results indicate that viruses have an important role in global biogeochemical cycles, in deep- sea metabolism and the overall functioning of the largest ecosystem of our biosphere.
引用
收藏
页码:1084 / U27
页数:5
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