Mapping tree density at a global scale

被引：610

作者：

Crowther, T. W. ^{[1
]}

Glick, H. B. ^{[1
]}

Covey, K. R. ^{[1
]}

Bettigole, C. ^{[1
]}

Maynard, D. S. ^{[1
]}

Thomas, S. M. ^{[2
]}

Smith, J. R. ^{[1
]}

Hintler, G. ^{[1
]}

Duguid, M. C. ^{[1
]}

Amatulli, G. ^{[3
]}

Tuanmu, M. -N. ^{[3
]}

Jetz, W. ^{[1
,3
,4
]}

Salas, C. ^{[5
]}

Stam, C. ^{[6
]}

Piotto, D. ^{[7
]}

Tavani, R. ^{[8
]}

Green, S. ^{[9
,10
]}

Bruce, G. ^{[9
]}

Williams, S. J. ^{[11
]}

Wiser, S. K. ^{[12
]}

Huber, M. O. ^{[13
]}

Hengeveld, G. M. ^{[14
]}

Nabuurs, G. -J. ^{[14
]}

Tikhonova, E. ^{[15
]}

Borchardt, P. ^{[16
]}

Li, C. -F. ^{[17
]}

Powrie, L. W. ^{[18
]}

Fischer, M. ^{[19
,20
,21
]}

Hemp, A. ^{[22
]}

Homeier, J. ^{[23
]}

Cho, P. ^{[24
]}

Vibrans, A. C. ^{[25
]}

Umunay, P. M. ^{[1
]}

Piao, S. L. ^{[26
]}

Rowe, C. W. ^{[1
]}

Ashton, M. S. ^{[1
]}

Crane, P. R. ^{[1
]}

Bradford, M. A. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA

[2] Univ Helsinki, Dept Environm Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland

[3] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06511 USA

[4] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Life Sci, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England

[5] Univ La Frontera, Dept Ciencias Forestales, Temuco 4811230, Chile

[6] RedCastle Resources, Salt Lake City, UT 84103 USA

[7] Univ Fed Sul Bahia, BR-45613204 Ferradas, Itabuna, Brazil

[8] Food & Agr Org United Nat, Forestry Dept, I-00153 Rome, Italy

[9] Operat Wallacea, Spilbsy PE23 4EX, Leics, England

[10] Univ Kent, DICE, SAC, Canterbury ME4 4AG, Kent, England

[11] CEA, URA 2210, CNRS, Mol Imaging Res Ctr MIRCen, F-91401 Orsay, France

[12] Landcare Res, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand

[13] Snowand Landscape Res, Swiss Fed Inst Forest, WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland

[14] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Environm Sci Grp, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands

[15] Ctr Forest Ecol & Prod RAS, Moscow 117997, Russia

[16] Univ Hamburg, Inst Geog, CEN Ctr Earth Syst Res & Sustainabil, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany

[17] Masaryk Univ, Dept Bot & Zool, Brno 61137, Czech Republic

[18] South African Natl Biodivers Inst, Kirstenbosch Res Ctr, ZA-7735 Claremont, South Africa

[19] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Bot Garden, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland

[20] Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland

[21] Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr BIK F, Senckenberg Gesell Nat Forsch, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany

[22] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Plant Systemat, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany

[23] Univ Gottingen, Albrecht von Haller Inst Plant Sci, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany

[24] Univ Lancaster, Trop Ecol Res Grp, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England

[25] Univ Reg Blumenau, Dept Engn Florestal, BR-89030000 Blumenau, SC, Brazil

[26] Peking Univ, Sinofrench Inst Earth Syst Sci, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China

来源：

NATURE | 2015年 / 525卷 / 7568期

基金：

美国安德鲁·梅隆基金会; 美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOREST; BIOMASS; HYPERDOMINANCE; MAP;

D O I：

10.1038/nature14967

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

The global extent and distribution of forest trees is central to our understanding of the terrestrial biosphere. We provide the first spatially continuous map of forest tree density at a global scale. This map reveals that the global number of trees is approximately 3.04 trillion, an order of magnitude higher than the previous estimate. Of these trees, approximately 1.39 trillion exist in tropical and subtropical forests, with 0.74 trillion in boreal regions and 0.61 trillion in temperate regions. Biome-level trends in tree density demonstrate the importance of climate and topography in controlling local tree densities at finer scales, as well as the overwhelming effect of humans across most of the world. Based on our projected tree densities, we estimate that over 15 billion trees are cut down each year, and the global number of trees has fallen by approximately 46% since the start of human civilization.

引用

页码：201 / +

页数：12

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