Polyaniline on the metallic side of the insulator-to-metal transition due to dispersion: the basis for successful nano-technology and industrial applications of organic metals

Polyaniline is principally insoluble as shown by thermodynamic considerations. Solvent-borne,,secondary doping" therefore is not the preferred approach of improving its metallic properties. Low temperature conductivity measurements, the determination of the magnetic susceptibility (the calculation of the density of states at the Fermi energy) and x-ray diffraction studies leading to an elemental cell of commercial polyaniline (ORMECON(TM)) in raw and dispersed form shows: dispersion induces the insulator-to-metal transition through a remarkable change, of the C-6-N-C-6 angle from 166 degrees to 134 degrees. No solvents or,secondary dopants" are involved in the melt dispersion responsible for this drastic and reproducible effect.