Spin-polarized neutron reflectivity: A probe of vortices in thin-film superconductors

It is demonstrated that the specular reflectivity of spin-polarized neutrons can he used to study vortices in a thin-film superconductor. Experiments were performed on a 6000 Angstrom thick c-axis film of YBa2CU3O7-x with the magnetic field applied parallel to the surface. A magnetic hysteresis loop was observed for the spin-polarized reflection and, from these data, the average density of vortices was extracted. A model is presented which relates the specular reflectivity to thr one-dimensional spatial distribution of vortices in the direction perpendicular to the surface. Unlike other techniques, neutron reflectivity observes vortices in a geometry where they are parallel to the interface. [S0163-1829(99)07021-6].