Content of trans,trans-2,4-decadienal in deep-fried and pan-fried potatoes

Trans, trans-2,4-decadienal is a by-product of frying oil that is also transferred to fried food. This aldehyde has been found and quantified both in frying oils and fumes generated during frying. Furthermore, it has been reported that 2,4-decadienal has cytotoxic and genotoxic effects and promotes LDL oxidation. In the present work trans,trans-2,4-decadienal was detected directly in fried potatoes (french-fries). the influence of frying conditions (deep-frying, pan-frying), the oil type (olive Moreover, oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, palm oil and a vegetable shortening) and the degree of thermal deterioration (eight successive frying sessions without replenishment) on the production of 2,4-decadienal in oil and potatoes was studied. The isolation of the aldehyde was performed by methanol extraction, while the identification and quantification was performed by RP-HPLC. The quantity of trans, trans-2,4-decadienal produced during successive pan-frying demonstrated a peak at the third and fourth frying session. The highest concentration of trans, trans-2,4-decadienal was detected in potatoes fried in sunflower oil, and the lowest in olive oil. The quantity of trans,trans-2,4-decadienal in fried potatoes decreased during successive deep-frying at the seventh frying session or remained stable, except for cottonseed oil. The quantity of trans, trans -2,4-decadienal in fried potatoes was considered to be dependent on the oil used, on the frying process and, to a lesser extent, on the oil deterioration. In all cases tested, the highest concentration of trans,trans-2,4-decadienal was detected during deep-frying. The unsaturation degree of the frying oil was considered to promote the formation of trans, trans-2,4-decadienal. Considering the quantity of 2,4-decadienal found in french-fries and in the respective frying medium, direct quantification of 2,4-decadienal is required in order to make an estimation of intake from french-fries.