Grime reactivation of RBC acetylcholinesterases for biomonitoring

被引:11
作者
Hansen, ME
Wilson, BW
机构
[1] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA
[2] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1007/s002449900516
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
A low-variability method to reactivate blood cholinesterases (ChEs) after prior exposure of mammals, including humans, to ChE-inhibiting organophosphate esters (OPs) is presented. A concentration of 10 mM pyridine 2-aldoxime methochloride (2-PAM CI) was incubated with intact red blood cells (RBCs) and assayed virtually free of interfering oxime and hemoglobin (Hb). Variability was decreased by reducing the number of washing steps and sedimenting RBC ghosts through a 7% sucrose cushion. Statistically significant detections of reactivations as low as 5% with average "false positives" of 3.8% were achieved. Relative rates and extent of reactivation after GP treatment of rabbit RBC AChE in vitro were of the order dimethyl- (DDVP) > diethyl- (ethyl paraoxon) >, diisopropyI-substituted (diisopropyl fluorophosphate; DFP) OFs. Rabbit RBC AChE was reactivatable for up to 60 h following dermal exposure to ethyl parathion and reactivatable for only 12 to 24 h following exposure to methyl parathion. Reactivation of plasma ChEs with 0.1 mM 2-PAM Cl in the same animals was achievable for only 12 to 24 h after ethyl parathion and for only 1 to 4 h after methyl parathion.
引用
收藏
页码:283 / 289
页数:7
相关论文
共 39 条
[1]  
ALBERT SN, 1965, HEMATOCRIT CLIN PRAC
[3]  
Amitai G, 1980, Monogr Neural Sci, V7, P70
[4]   MODE OF RECOVERY OF CHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY INVIVO AFTER ORGANOPHOSPHORUS POISONING .1. ERYTHROCYTE CHOLINESTERASE [J].
BLABER, LC ;
CREASEY, NH .
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL, 1960, 77 :591-596
[5]  
Boskovic B, 1981, Fundam Appl Toxicol, V1, P203, DOI 10.1016/S0272-0590(81)80059-0
[6]  
BROCK A, 1990, J CLIN CHEM CLIN BIO, V28, P221
[7]   INTERACTION OF SOME TRIALKYL PHOSPHOROTHIOLATES WITH ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE - CHARACTERIZATION OF INHIBITION, AGING AND REACTIVATION [J].
CLOTHIER, B ;
JOHNSON, MK ;
REINER, E .
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA, 1981, 660 (02) :306-316
[8]   KINETICS OF REACTIVATION, BY OXIMES, OF CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITED BY ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS [J].
DAVIES, DR ;
GREEN, AL .
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL, 1956, 63 (04) :529-535
[9]   PREPARATION AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HEMOGLOBIN-FREE GHOSTS OF HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES [J].
DODGE, JT ;
HANAHAN, DJ ;
MITCHELL, C .
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS, 1963, 100 (01) :119-&
[10]   A NEW AND RAPID COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY [J].
ELLMAN, GL ;
COURTNEY, KD ;
ANDRES, V ;
FEATHERSTONE, RM .
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY, 1961, 7 (02) :88-&