Robust mobile ad hoc space for collaboration to support disaster relief efforts involving critical physical infrastructure

被引:51
作者
Aldunate, R
Ochoa, SF
Peña-Mora, F
Nussbaum, M
机构
[1] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newmark Civil Engn Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
[2] Appl Res Associates Inc, Champaign, IL 61820 USA
[3] Univ Chile, Dept Comp Sci, Santiago, Chile
[4] Catholic Univ Chile, Dept Comp Sci, Santiago, Chile
关键词
Disaster relief; Emergency services; Information systems; Mobility; Redundancy; Simulation; Terrorism;
D O I
10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3801(2006)20:1(13)
中图分类号
TP39 [计算机的应用];
学科分类号
081203 ; 0835 ;
摘要
When an extreme event hits an urban area, the efficiency and effectiveness of the first response have a profound effect on disaster relief efforts. The redefinition of the civil engineers' role and responsibilities as first response team members, along with an enhanced collaboration between disaster relief organizations, will greatly improve first response efforts and the securing of affected infrastructures. To improve collaboration efforts, the currently used radio systems-based interaction rnedium needs to be modified due to the impossibility of storing, retrieving, and transferring digital information, and limited support to implement information dissemination policies. This paper presents a reliable, transparent, and portable mobile ad hoc space for collaboration (MASC) based on a short range wireless communication platform to address these limitations in order to provide more consistent and efficient collaboration among first responders. The system was designed around a robust data redundancy core, and tested through software simulations and by conducting a search and rescue exercise involving civil engineers and firefighters. The simulation results highlight that the number of machines, the replication level, the size of the replication unit, and the wireless communication range are key design elements of the system in providing high availability. The search and rescue exercise allowed this research to confirm the high availability simulation results and to demonstrate that MASC is able to adequately manage and disseminate information in disaster scenarios. These encouraging results allow this research effort to conclude that MASC is able to address these new challenges.
引用
收藏
页码:13 / 27
页数:15
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