Sampling of polar pesticides from water matrices

An overview of the sampling of polar pesticides from water samples is presented. The sampling plans and strategies for different types of waters such as river, well and seawater samples are discussed. In situ preconcentration methods, involving on-line techniques or direct measurement methods are mentioned as alternatives to conventional techniques. Attention is devoted to the influence of organic matter and its interaction with polar pesticides. The use of various types of filtration steps prior to the preconcentration of the analytes from water samples is also reviewed.