Seaweed Allelopathy Against Coral: Surface Distribution of a Seaweed Secondary Metabolite by Imaging Mass Spectrometry

被引:52
作者
Andras, Tiffany D. [1 ,2 ]
Alexander, Troy S. [2 ,3 ]
Gahlena, Asiri [2 ,3 ]
Parry, R. Mitchell [4 ,5 ]
Fernandez, Facundo M. [2 ,3 ]
Kubanek, Julia [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Wang, May D. [4 ,5 ]
Hay, Mark E. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
[2] Georgia Inst Technol, Aquat Chem Ecol Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
[3] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
[4] Georgia Inst Technol, Wallace H Coulter Dept Biomed Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
[5] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会; 美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
Coral reefs; Marine; Phacelocarpus; Porites; Seaweed; Seaweed-coral interactions; Surface; DESORPTION ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; ALGA CALLOPHYCUS-SERRATUS; PHASE-SHIFTS; CHEMICAL DEFENSE; LARVAL SETTLEMENT; CARIBBEAN CORALS; NATURAL-PRODUCTS; REEF COMMUNITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RESILIENCE;
D O I
10.1007/s10886-012-0204-9
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
070307 [化学生物学]; 071010 [生物化学与分子生物学];
摘要
Coral reefs are in global decline, with seaweeds increasing as corals decrease. Although seaweeds inhibit coral growth, recruitment, and survivorship, the mechanism of these interactions is poorly understood. Here, we used field experiments to show that contact with four common seaweeds induces bleaching on natural colonies of Porites rus. Controls in contact with inert, plastic mimics of seaweeds did not bleach, suggesting seaweed effects resulted from allelopathy rather than shading, abrasion, or physical contact. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the hydrophobic extract from the red alga Phacelocarpus neurymenioides revealed a previously characterized antibacterial metabolite, neurymenolide A, as the main allelopathic agent. For allelopathy of lipid-soluble metabolites to be effective, the compounds would need to be deployed on algal surfaces where they could transfer to corals on contact. We used desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) to visualize and quantify neurymenolide A on the surface of P. neurymenioides, and we found the molecule on all surfaces analyzed, with highest concentrations on basal portions of blades.
引用
收藏
页码:1203 / 1214
页数:12
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