Biomimetic osteogenic peptide with mussel adhesion and osteoimmunomodulatory functions to ameliorate interfacial osseointegration under chronic inflammation

Bone endoprosthesis in patients with systemic chronic inflammation frequently leads to poor osseointegration after implantation mainly due to the increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines that induce bone resorption and impair bone formation. In this work, peptide-coated implants are designed to create a beneficial bone immune microenvironment around prostheses to promote interfacial osteogenesis. By taking advantage of the spontaneous and stable coordination chemistry, Ti-based implants are coated with the mussel-inspired peptide to mitigate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation by up-regulating the M2 phenotype of macrophages. In addition, the peptide coating increases the bone-implant contact (BIC) by nearly 3 times resulting in suppressed osteoclastogenesis and promoted osteogenesis by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappa B) signalling pathway. Our findings indicate that biomimetic peptides with osteoimmunomodulatory bioactivity can be incorporated into Ti-based prostheses to facilitate bone regeneration in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases.