Dimensionless representation of particle separation characteristic of cyclones

In order to overcome the empirical nature of the prediction of cyclone performance we realized experimental investigations on particle separation in reverse flow cyclones. In particular the collection efficiencies were measured as a function of flow rate, cyclone dimensions and particle size. For this purpose a fast, accurate and problem adapted measuring technique has been used, which enables the determination of grade efficiency curves by measuring the size distributions in the cyclone up- and downstream with optical particle counters. The extended experimental data from this parameter study were analysed by the methods of dimensional analysis and theory of models. An evaluation of all measuring results for two cyclone designs has been resulted in an empirical, nondimensional correlation of the collection characteristic, a dimensionless grade efficiency curve. Deviating from geometric similarity this correlation includes a variation of cyclone outlet diameter. Grade efficiencies of the cyclones are a definite function of the dimensionless numbers Stokes and Reynolds number and of the dimensionless cyclone outlet diameter. Analysis of own and published data has shown that this experimental correlation includes the influence of the temperature and that cyclone body diameter do not influence efficiency. The influence of cyclone height on flow behaviour and collection characteristic could be quantified as well. The range, in which prediction of collection efficiencies is possible, is marked in a state diagram Reynolds number versus dimensionless cyclone height. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.