First-line oral capecitabine therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer:: a favorable safety profile compared with intravenous 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin

被引:407
作者
Cassidy, J
Twelves, C
Van Cutsem, E
Hoff, P
Bajetta, E
Boyer, M
Bugat, R
Burger, U
Garin, A
Graeven, U
McKendrick, J
Maroun, J
Marshall, J
Osterwalder, B
Pérez-Manga, G
Rosso, R
Rougier, P
Schilsky, RL
机构
[1] Univ Aberdeen, Dept Med & Therapeut, Aberdeen, Scotland
[2] Univ Glasgow, Canc Res Campaign Dept, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland
[3] Western Infirm & Associated Hosp, Beatson Oncol Ctr, Glasgow G11 6NT, Lanark, Scotland
[4] Univ Hosp Gasthuisberg, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium
[5] Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA
[6] Ist Nazl Tumori, I-20133 Milan, Italy
[7] Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Dept Med Oncol, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
[8] Ctr Claudius Regaud, Dept Med Oncol, Toulouse, France
[9] F Hoffmann La Roche & Co Ltd, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
[10] Russian Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia
[11] Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Med Univ Klin, Bochum, Germany
[12] Box Hill Hosp, Dept Oncol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
[13] Ottawa Reg Canc Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4K7, Canada
[14] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Vincent T Lombardi Canc Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA
[15] Hosp Gen Gregorio Maranon, Serv Oncol, Madrid, Spain
[16] Ist Nazl Ric Canc, I-16132 Genoa, Italy
[17] Hosp Ambroise Pare, Dept Gastroenterol, Boulogne, France
[18] Univ Chicago, Div Biol Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
关键词
capecitabine; colorectal cancer; fluoropyrimidine; tolerability;
D O I
10.1093/annonc/mdf089
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
Purpose: To evaluate the safety profile of capecitabine using data from a large, well-characterized population of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated in two phase III studies. In these trials. capecitabine achieved significantly superior response rates, equivalent time to disease progression and equivalent survival compared with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin. Patients and methods: Patients (n = 1207) were randomized to either oral capecitabine (1250 mg/m(2) twice daily, on days 1-14 every 21 days) or intravenous (i.v.) bolus 5-FU/leucovorin (Mayo Clinic regimen). Results: Capecitabine demonstrated a safety profile superior to that of 5-FU/leucovorin, with a significantly lower incidence of diarrhea, stomatitis. nausea, alopecia and grade 3 or 4 neutropenia leading to significantly fewer neutropenic fever/sepsis cases and fewer hospitalizations. All patients in the capecitabine group received a starting dose of 1250 mg/m(2) twice daily and the majority (66%) did not require dose modification for adverse events. In the 5-FU/leucovorin group, 58%, of patients did not require dose reduction for toxicities, The capecitabine dose-modification scheme reduced the recurrence of key toxicities without compromising efficacy. In both treatment arms, patients with moderate renal impairment at baseline (estimated creatinine clearance 30-50 ml/min) experienced a higher incidence of grade 3 or 4 toxicities. This increase was more pronounced with 5-FU/leucovorin. Conclusions: Capecitabine is at least as effective, better tolerated and more convenient than i.v. 5-FU/leucovorin as treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Analysis of data from two large phase III trials demonstrates that efficacy is not compromised in patients requiring a dose reduction for adverse events. The phase III data and an additional pharmacokinetic study support a lower starting dose in patients with moderate renal impairment at baseline (calculated creatinine clearance 30-50 ml/min) and a contra-indication in patients with severely impaired creatinine clearance at baseline (<30 ml/min). For patients with normal or mildly impaired renal function at baseline, the standard starting dose is well tolerated. The incidence and severity of adverse events in patients with moderate renal impairment at baseline who were treated with 5-FU/leucovorin was more pronounced, indicating that capecitabine provides a better-tolerated alternative.
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收藏
页码:566 / 575
页数:10
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