Comparison of ondansetron, metoclopramide and placebo as premedicants to reduce nausea and vomiting after major surgery

被引:15
作者
Alexander, R [1 ]
Fennelly, M [1 ]
机构
[1] ROYAL NATL ORTHOPAED HOSP,DEPT ANAESTHET,STANMORE HA7 4LP,MIDDX,ENGLAND
关键词
pharmacology; metoclopramide; ondansetron; vomiting; nausea; surgery; orthopaedic;
D O I
10.1111/j.1365-2044.1997.az0130a.x
中图分类号
R614 [麻醉学];
学科分类号
100217 ;
摘要
In a randomised, double-blind study, we have compared the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in 124 patients undergoing major lower limb orthopaedic surgery following oral premedication with temazapam and ondansetron 8 mg, metoclopramide 10 mg or placebo. They received a standardised epidural and general anaesthetic. An epidural mixture containing bupivacaine 0.1% and fentanyl 10 mg.ml(-1) was infused postoperatively. The occurrence of nausea and vomiting was assessed every 4 h for 24 h. The incidence of vomiting significantly decreased from 55% and 43% in the placebo and metoclopramide groups, respectively, to 26% in the ondansetron group (p = 0.03). The incidence of nausea and vomiting in patients who had previously suffered was also significantly reduced from 67% and 68% in the placebo and metoclopramide groups, respectively, to 29% in the ondansetron group (p = 0.035). We conclude that oral premedication with ondansetron 8 mg was superior to metoclopramide 10 mg and placebo in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting following major orthopaedic surgery in patients given epidural opioid analgesia.
引用
收藏
页码:695 / 698
页数:4
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